| Module | Purpose |
|---|---|
| unittest | Testing framework for writing and running tests |
| pytest | Testing framework with simplified syntax and features |
mock (in unittest.mock) | Creating mock objects for testing |
| doctest | Testing code examples in docstrings |
| logging | Flexible logging framework for emitting log messages |
| timeit | Measuring the execution time of code snippets |
| subprocess | Spawning new processes and interacting with them |
| unittest.mock | Creating mock objects for testing (part of the unittest module) |
| concurrent.futures | Concurrent execution of tasks, including file I/O operations |
| sqlite3 | Performing database operations with SQLite |
| requests | Making HTTP requests |
| re (Regular Expressions) | Pattern matching with regular expressions |
| contextlib | Utilities for working with context managers |
| weakref | Tools for creating weak references to avoid circular references |
| asyncio | Asynchronous programming with coroutines and event loops |
| threading | Creating and managing threads for parallel execution |
| functools | Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects |
| enum | Creating enumerations with named constant values |
| argparse | Parsing command-line arguments and generating help messages |
| pickle | Serializing and deserializing Python objects |
| multiprocessing | Parallel execution using separate processes |
lru_cache (in functools) | Memoization by caching function results |
| collections | Additional data structures beyond built-in types |
| time | Time-related functions and representations |
| random | Generating pseudo-random numbers |
| json | Working with JSON data |
| os | Operating system-specific functionality |
| shutil | High-level file operations and utility functions |
| yaml | Working with YAML data |
| xml.etree.ElementTree | Processing XML data using an ElementTree-like API |
| smtplib | Sending email using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) |
| unittest.mock | Creating mock objects for testing (part of the unittest module) |
| hashlib | Cryptographic hash functions |
| base64 | Encoding and decoding binary data in base64 format |
| hashlib | Cryptographic hash functions |
| gzip | Compressing and decompressing files using the gzip format |
| zipfile | Working with ZIP archives |
| http.server | Simple HTTP server for testing purposes |
| http.client | Making HTTP requests |
| urllib | Working with URLs and making HTTP requests |
| ssl | SSL/TLS functionality for secure communication |
| ftplib | FTP client library for interacting with FTP servers |
| unittest.mock | Creating mock objects for testing (part of the unittest module) |
| socket | Low-level networking interface |
| asyncio | Asynchronous I/O, event loop, and coroutines |
| paramiko | SSH protocol implementation for secure remote communication |
| scapy | Network packet manipulation and analysis |
| webdriver_manager | Managing browser drivers for Selenium WebDriver |
| pyautogui | GUI automation library for simulating mouse and keyboard actions |
| pyperclip | Clipboard functions for copying and pasting text |
| BeautifulSoup | HTML and XML parsing library |
| lxml | XML and HTML parsing library with support for XPath and XSLT |
| faker | Generating fake data for testing purposes |
| pytz | Time zone support |
| sqlalchemy | SQL toolkit and Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) |
| pymysql | MySQL database connector for Python |
| psycopg2 | PostgreSQL database adapter for Python |
| requests_mock | Mocking HTTP requests for testing purposes |
| flask | Lightweight web framework for creating web applications |
| django | Web framework for building web applications |
| selenium | Web browser automation using the WebDriver protocol |
| beautifulsoup4 | HTML and XML parsing library with support for XPath and CSS selectors |
| pyvirtualdisplay | Creating a virtual display for running headless browser tests |
| reportlab | Creating PDF documents and reports |
| pillow | Image processing library for opening, manipulating, and saving images |
| pywinauto | Automation library for Windows GUI applications |
| pyodbc | ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) interface for Python |
| paramiko | SSH protocol implementation for secure remote communication |
| requests_html | HTML parsing library based on requests and BeautifulSoup |
| marshmallow | Object serialization and deserialization library |
| flask_restful | Building RESTful APIs with Flask |
| fastapi | Modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs |
| openpyxl | Reading and writing Excel files (xlsx) |
| xlrd | Reading data and formatting information from Excel files (xls) |
| xlwt | Writing data and formatting information to Excel files (xls) |
| redis | Python client for interacting with Redis |
| pandas | Data manipulation and analysis library |
| numpy | Numerical computing library |
| matplotlib | Plotting library for creating visualizations |
These modules cover a wide range of areas. They include network protocols, web development, database interaction, file handling, cryptography, automation, and more. This makes them valuable for various testing scenarios.
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