Test Script
A test script is the concrete set of steps — manual instructions or executable automation code — that carries out a test case. In manual testing it's a written procedure a tester follows by hand; in automated testing it's the actual code that performs the same steps programmatically.
The relationship between a test case and a test script is documentation vs. execution: the test case defines what should happen — preconditions, steps, expected result — as a specification, while the test script is the literal thing that runs, either a person following instructions, or code executing automatically.
In automated testing, "test script" and "test case" often get used interchangeably in conversation, but they're conceptually distinct: one automated test script can implement one test case, and refactoring the script (changing how it works) shouldn't change what test case it validates. Keeping that separation in mind is part of why the Page Object Model pattern exists — it keeps script mechanics separate from test intent.
